Frequently asked questions

Ask anything.

Plain answers on IsoGentiX, the Portal, the data and the ethics. Written for people, and readable by machines.

What is IsoGentiX?
About

A knowledge-development organisation and social enterprise. We decode the scattered record of the plant world, protect it, and return its value to the nations and communities that hold it. Our first focus is Madagascar.

Is IsoGentiX a commercial company or a charity?
About

A commercial organisation with a social mission, a social enterprise. We use business to attract the investment, philanthropy and partnership that fund the work. We are not extractive: we build on knowledge and return value to the country and its communities.

What does "Decode:Protect" mean?
About

Decode: turn the scattered record of the plant world into usable knowledge. Protect: secure that knowledge to its source and keep it permanent. And in doing so, we help uplift the communities and countries whose natural heritage it is.

Who founded IsoGentiX, and what is the Madagascar connection?
About

Social entrepreneurs who have worked in Madagascar for over 25 years, building enterprises in clean water, energy, health and livelihoods, including BushProof, Medair, JiroVe, MadAvance, SaniTap and Endur'O, which have reached millions of Malagasy families.

What is the Flora Portal?
The Portal

A consolidated, searchable record of Madagascar's flora: 14,356 species catalogued, 9,470 of them endemic, with 668,766 georeferenced occurrence records, imagery and full provenance. It is more complete than any single public database or herbarium holds.

How do I access the Flora Portal?
The Portal

The Portal is at portal.isogentix.com. The database is freely available for anyone to access. Scientists, institutions and partners can register for additional detail; ask us and we will set you up.

Is the Flora Portal free?
The Portal

The consolidated record is offered as a public service to Madagascar, its institutions and its people, and to anyone who wants to understand its flora. IsoGentiX holds no commercial interest in the record itself. Value is created from new scientific knowledge. The consolidated record is made available under a Creative Commons licence.

What can I do in the Portal?
The Portal

Search species by name, family, region, endemism, imagery and genomic coverage; see distribution maps across Madagascar's regions; and see which herbaria hold specimens of a given species, and where the gaps are.

Where does the data come from?
Data & sources

From the world's open and Creative Commons biodiversity sources: GBIF, POWO (Kew), Tropicos (Missouri Botanical Garden), GenBank (NCBI), IPNI, World Flora Online, iNaturalist and the IUCN Red List. Every value is tagged to the source it came from. See the Resources in the Knowledge Base.

How many plant species does Madagascar have?
Data & sources

14,356 vascular plant species are catalogued in the Flora Portal, of which 9,470 are confirmed endemic to Madagascar, meaning they grow nowhere else on Earth.

How current are these figures, and why might they change?
Data & sources

Every species count, endemic count, occurrence-record total and image total on this site comes from the IsoGentiX Flora database. That database is refreshed at the start of each month as new specimens are catalogued and records from the world's open sources are reconciled, and the website figures update automatically on the 2nd. So the numbers can rise or shift slightly month to month. That movement is the record becoming more complete, not a correction of an earlier error. Any figure that can change carries an asterisk (*) linking here.

How much of Madagascar's flora has been genetically sequenced?
Data & sources

Very little. Of roughly 9,470 endemic species, only a handful have a finished chromosome-scale reference genome, and the large majority have no genomic data on record anywhere in the world. This is the biggest open gap in the data.

Can I cite or reuse the data?
Data & sources

The underlying sources are open or Creative Commons licensed; check each source's licence for reuse terms. IsoGentiX adds provenance so every record is traceable back to where it came from.

What is the Nagoya Protocol?
Ethics & law

An international agreement on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from their use. Madagascar is a party. It governs how a country's genetic resources may be accessed and how the benefits return to that country. Read our explainer.

Does IsoGentiX own Madagascar's data?
Ethics & law

No. A nation's biological record belongs to the nation. IsoGentiX helps build, protect and make it permanent, but it stays under national authority, for the country to govern and to leverage as a national asset.

What is FPIC (free, prior and informed consent)?
Ethics & law

It means communities agree to any collection before it happens, understanding what it involves, and on their own terms. Consent comes first, always.

How does benefit-sharing work?
Ethics & law

Value created from the knowledge returns to the country and to the source communities. The specific terms are negotiated with Madagascar's authorities under the Nagoya Protocol, not fixed unilaterally by IsoGentiX.

Why Madagascar first?
Madagascar

The founders have worked in Madagascar for over 25 years, and its flora is one of the most distinctive on Earth after around 88 million years of isolation. IsoGentiX wants Madagascar to become a centre of excellence for knowledge about its own flora, and a model for other countries.

Will IsoGentiX work in other countries?
Madagascar

Yes. The mission is global: to help the countries that hold the richest ecologies, often the poorest countries, protect them and gain value from them. Madagascar is the first.